REVERSE LOGISTICS IN SMALL URBAN RETAIL: A QUALITATIVE STUDY OF KARYANA STORES IN PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN

Abstract

This study explores the dynamics of reverse logistics (RL) among small-scale karyana (grocery) sellers in Peshawar, Pakistan. It looks at research area that has received little attention in the present  iterature, which is primarily concerned with large-scale retail in developed economies. The study  used a qualitative, multiple-case methodology, relying on semi-structured interviews with six  retailers: three in high-income, less congested locations and three in low/middle-income, congested  zones. The investigation demonstrates five key problems that affect RL practices: spatial limits,  liquidity management, logistical efficiency, information coordination, and waste management. The  findings show that businesses in prosperous locations use superior logistical infrastructure, digital  tools, and prioritise high-end products, resulting in more effective reverse logistics. In contrast,  individuals in congested, low-income neighbourhoods confront significant logistical challenges, 
operate within restricted physical space, and rely on manual, cost-driven procedures to preserve their  financial well-being. The study emphasises the importance of regional and socioeconomic conditions  in determining RL strategies and provides context-specific recommendations for increasing efficiency  and customer satisfaction. These findings can help policymakers and practitioners improve the 
resilience and sustainability of small-scale retail enterprises in developing urban economies.